Case Studies

How Geopits Migrated a Retail Enterprise's ~1 TB Database from Microsoft SQL Server to PostgreSQL with Zero Data Loss

A retail enterprise operating on a Microsoft SQL Server database of approximately 1 TB required migration to PostgreSQL on AWS as part of its database modernization initiative. The production environment supported continuous transactional workloads across 250+ application tables, 700+ indexes, and millions of records, making data consistency, migration reliability, and controlled downtime the key project priorities.

Overview

A large-scale database migration of a ~1 TB Microsoft SQL Server production database to PostgreSQL on AWS, ensuring data integrity, minimal downtime, and a stable production deployment.

The Challenge

Migrate a ~1 TB production SQL Server database to PostgreSQL while preserving data integrity.

Handle 250+ tables, 700+ indexes, and continuous transactional workloads.

Minimize production downtime without impacting business operations.

Address compatibility differences between SQL Server and PostgreSQL, including data types, timestamps, character encoding, and case sensitivity.

Optimize migration performance to complete within the planned maintenance window.

Resolve post-cutover performance bottlenecks and ensure production stability.

Our Solution

  • Conducted multiple UAT and mock migration exercises to validate migration performance and reduce production risk.
  • Developed a Python-based migration framework for automated data migration.
  • Implemented parallel data extraction and loading to improve migration speed.
  • Used PostgreSQL COPY for high-speed data imports, with pgloader as a fallback for complex datasets.
  • Deferred index and constraint creation to optimize bulk data loading.
  • Tuned PostgreSQL and scaled infrastructure resources to improve migration performance.
  • Revised the migration strategy from CDC-based synchronization to an optimized full-load migration after production validation.
  • Implemented a temporary reverse synchronization pipeline after cutover to support post-migration validation and rollback readiness.
  • Benefits

    Business Impact

    Successful Large-Scale Migration

    Successfully migrated a ~1 TB production database comprising 250+ tables and 700+ indexes to PostgreSQL.

    Planned Maintenance Window

    Completed the migration within the planned maintenance window while maintaining production stability.

    Zero Data Loss

    Validated migrated data through row count comparisons, schema verification, object validation, and application testing to ensure zero data loss.

    Stable PostgreSQL Deployment

    Successfully completed application cutover and achieved a stable PostgreSQL production environment following post-migration optimization.

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